УДК 622.684:629.3

DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2020-7-21-32

Download

Research aim is to substantiate optimal road grade when operating 4WD dump trucks and to develop analytical method of calculating the volume of additional spacing of non-mining slopes of an opencast from motor transport lanes placement when exposing deep kimberlite pits with spiral routes.
Research relevance. Transition to steeply inclined ramps and 4WD dump trucks is a basic trend in improving the efficiency of deep kimberlite pits mining. In this regard, the issues of substantiating road grades and developing the method of calculating the volume of additional spacing of non-mining slopes of an opencast from motor transport lanes placement are becoming increasingly relevant.
Research methodology. When substantiating road grade for 4WD dump trucks the physical principle of minimal action was used as well as dump trucks tractive and dynamic, braking and fuel conditions together with some experimental data. A new notion of “specific action” has been introduced. Optimal grade by the criterion of specific action complies with minimum energy for mined rock lifting under maximum hauling capacity. The elaborated analytical method of calculating the volume of additional spacing of non-mining slopes of an opencast is characterized by the integrated record of basic process parameters of uncovering. Graphical method of finding the angle of the non-mining slope has been proposed being a controlled parameter at uncovering with steeply pitching ramps.
Results. It has been determined that optimal grade value by physical criterion of specific action are determined by the dependences between transmission efficiency, road speed and specific fuel consumption by 4WD dump trucks and the total traction resistance in slopes. For CAT-745С dump trucks optimal values slopes for macadamized roads within the range of 0.18–0.24. The patterns of basic mine engineering factors influence on the volume of additional spacing of slopes from motor transport lanes placement. Major effect on the volume of flattening is brought about by the depth of the pit, spiral ramps grade and ore body thickness. So, the introduction of steeply inclined uncovering is primarily recommended in kimberlite open pits when mining thin ore bodies.
Scope of results. The obtained results may be applied in deep kimberlite open pits design and operation when introducing 4WD dump trucks. The results may also be applied in ore open pits when uncovering deep horizons by spiral ramps.

Key words: open pit; pit depth; 4WD dump truck; ramp inclination; principle of minimal action; fuel
consumption; additional spacing of a slope; angle of slope; ore body thickness.

REFERENCES
1. Akishev A. N., Kostyrin V. F. Optimising solution on Iubileinyi open pit development. Gornyi
zhurnal = Mining Journal. 2000; 7: 33–35. (In Russ.)
2. Chanturiia V. A., Trubetskoi K. N., Kaplunov D. R., Chaadaev A. S., Makhrachev A. F. Integrated
study and introduction of innovative geotechnologies of extraction and deep processing of kimberlites.
Gornyi zhurnal = Mining Journal. 2011; 1: 10–13. (In Russ.)
3. Akishev A. N., Lel Iu. I., Ilbuldin D. Kh., Musikhina O. V., Glebov I. A. Technological solutions
for the Alrosa group Nyurbinsky open pit deep horizons exposing and processing. Izvestiya vysshikh
uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2017; 7: 4–12.
(In Russ.)
4. Akishev A. N., Lel Iu. I., Bokii I. B., Isakov S. V., Glebov I. A. Kimberlite deposits opencast mining
innovative technology with variable geometry of non-mining open pit edges. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh
zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2018; 8: 5–16. (In Russ.)
5. Haiyong T., Yanhua S., Wenming Z., Chun J. Slip ratio control for articulated dump truck based on
fuzzy sliding mode. 2011 Int. Conf. on Consumer Electronics, Communications and Networks, CECNet
2011 – Proceedings. 2011. p. 4404–4407.
6. Mariev P. L., Egorov A. N., Voitov V. T. Features of mine dump truck working in the conditions of
deep quarry and higher slopes of pit roads. Gornyi zhurnal = Mining Journal. 2011; 10: 63–66. (In Russ.)
7. Brown D., Heather R. Development of off-highway articulated dump trucks. SAE Technical Paper,
D. J. B. Engineering Ltd. 1979.
8. Zyrianov I. V., Tsymbalova A. I. САТ-740 В trial at steeply inclined ramps of Udachny pit of
ALROSA. Gornoe oborudovanie i elektromekhanika = Mining Equipment and Electromechanics. 2013;
9: 22–25. (In Russ.)
9. Lel Iu. I., Gorshkov E. V., Ermolaev A. I., Voroshilov G. A., Nevolin D. G., Dovzhenok A. S.
Justification of optimal highway slopes at working of mountain-deep opencast mines. Izvestiya vysshikh
uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2012; 2: 5–12.
(In Russ.)
10. Veretennikov V. G., Sinitsyn V. A. The method of alternating action. Moscow: Fizmatlit Publishing;
2005. (In Russ.)
11. Artamonov M. D., Ilarionov V. A., Morin M. M. The theory of an automobile and auto engine.
Moscow: Mashinostroenie Publishing; 1968. In Russ.)
12. Vilkul Iu. G., Slobodianiuk V. K., Maksimov I. I. Theory of determining the amount of main
development when uncovering deep open pits by spiral ramps. Gornyi informatsionno-analiticheskii
biulleten (nauchno-tekhnicheskii zhurnal) = Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin (scientific and
technical journal). 2007; 7: 17–23. (In Russ.)

Received 3 August 2020