• Elena L. Sosnovskaia
• Arkadii N. Avdeev

УДК 622.831 
DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-5-21-29 

Sosnovskaia E. L., Avdeev A. N. Control over the geotechnical processes at the goldfields of Eastern Siberia. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2019; 5: 21–29. DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-5-21-29

Introduction. There are more than thousand lode mineral deposits of gold, rare metals, polymetals, and uranium in Eastern Siberia. Only 10% of them are in operation. Geotechnical conditions of the fields are poorly studied, therefore geotechnological parameters are not explored at a sensibly reliable level. The authors have conducted multi-year research of geotechnical processes at goldfields of Eastern Siberia.
Methodology. During geotechnical processes investigation at goldfields the authors have created the methods and techniques calculating the parameters of stable pillars and chamber exposures, selecting rock pressure control procedures based on the complex analysis of mining and geological factors: physical and mechanical properties of rock and ore, tectonic faulting, cryologic state of rock in a massif, high natural gravitational and tectonic stresses of rock mass, technogenic stresses in structural elements of underground geotechnologies.
Results. For practical use of research results, methodological and normative documents have been developed for a range of mines, including Darasun, Kholbinsky, Irokindinsky, Novo-Shirokinsky, Maiskoe, Konevinsky, Mnogovershinnoye, Birkachan, Kedrovskoe, etc. The documents have undergone expert exanimation of industrial safety and have been approved by RF Rostekhnadzor for practical use at gold mines.

Key words: gold lodes; geotechnics; rock pressure control; pillars; chamber roof and walls exposures; physical and mechanical properties of rocks; natural and technogenic stresses.

REFERENCES

1. Vlokh N. P. Rock pressure control at underground mines. Moscow: Nedra Publishing; 1994. (In Russ.)
2. Neganov V. P. (ed.) Gold fields development technology. Moscow: Nedra Publishing; 1995. (In Russ.)
3. Zubkov A. V. Geomechanics and Geotechnology. Ekaterinburg: UB RAS Publishing. (In Russ.)
4. Sosnovskaia E. L., Iasychenko V. B. Justification of the matrix of natural stresses of vein deposit rock massifs in Siberia and Far East. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta = Proceedings of Irkutsk State Technical University. 2011; 11: 74–78. (In Russ.)
5. Pavlov A. M., Semenov Iu. M., Sosnovskii L. I. Rock pressure control in permafrost massifs under low thickness inclined lodes underground mining at Irokindinskii gold field. In: Geodynamics and Stress state of the Earth’s interior: scientific conference proceedings. Novosibirks: IM SB RAS Publishing; 2008. P. 477–481. (In Russ.)
6. Sosnovskaia E. L., Avdeev A. N. The forecast of potential rock bump hazard of steeply pitching lode gold ore deposits. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2016; 2: 74–85. (In Russ.)
7. Cluff D. L., Kazakidis V. N. Opportunities and constraints of engineering frozen backfill for underground mining applications in permafrost. Proceedings of the 10th Int. Symp. on Cold Regions Development. Alaska, 2013: 175–190.
8. Kight G., Harris M., Gorski B., Udd J. E. Frozen backfill research for canadian mines. Canada: Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology, 1994. 21 р.
9. Coil D., Lester E., Higman B. Gold mining methods. Ground Truth Trekking. 2014. 2 p.
10. Sosnovskii L. I., Zubkov A. V. Flowsheets of stoping with pliable pillars at Berezovsky deposit. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta = Proceedings of Irkutsk State Technical University. 2007; 1 (1): 92–95. (In Russ.)
11. Sosnovskaia E. L. Rationale for the parameters of underground geotechnology of low thickness inclined lodes development. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta = Proceedings of Irkutsk State Technical University. 2015; 5: 60–68. (In Russ.)
12. Pavlov A. M., Semenov Iu. M., Sosnovskii L. I. Evaluation of parameters of stable pillars and room roofs inunderlay lode mining in cryogenic zones in terms of the Irokindinsly gold deposit. Gornyi informatsionno-analiticheskii biulleten (nauchno-tekhnicheskii zhurnal) = Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin (scientific and technical journal). 2008; 5: 142–147. (In Russ.)
13. Sosnovskaia E. L. Assessment of technogenic stresses in stopes when developing thin steeply dipping gold-ore veins. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta = Proceedings of Irkutsk State Technical University. 2014; 12: 82–88. (In Russ.)
14. Reddy J. N. An introduction to nonlinear finite element analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 488 р.
15. Pavlov A. M., Semenov Iu. M. Rock pressure control in sryolitic zone when mining inclined narrow lodes by the example of Irokindinsky field. Gornyi informatsionno-analiticheskii biulleten (nauchno-tekhnicheskii zhurnal) = Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin (scientific and technical journal). 2007: 11: 30–34. (In Russ.)
16. Ialymov N. G. Rock mass stresses state research at ore deposits of Kyrgyzstan. Prikladnye zadachi mekhaniki gornykh porod = Applied Problems of Rock Mechanics. Moscow: Nauka Publishing; 1977. (In Russ.)
17. the detection and use of geological medium fractal properties. Gornyi informatsionno-analiticheskii biulleten (nauchno-tekhnicheskii zhurnal) = Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin (scientific and technical journal). 2011; 4: 106–112. (In Russ.) 

Received 29 January 2019

• Niiaz G. Valiev
• Viacheslav Kh. Berkovich
• Vladimir D. Propp

УДК 622.272.5
DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-5-5-13

Valiev N. G., Berkovich V. Kh., Propp V. D. Substantiating the parameters of open pit minetechnical system for Olympiadinsky goldfield exploitation. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2019; 5: 5–13 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-5-5-13

Formulation of the problem. A new variant of horizontal slicing system with hydraulic filling and descending extraction of ore under flexible overlap.
Research aims to investigate the possibility to mine steeply pitching ore bodies of low thickness with a horizontal slicing system with hydraulic filling and descending extraction of ore under flexible overlap.
Methodology. Laboratory and analytical researches have been carried out on the influence of the moisture content of backfill material on its stability, density, internal friction coefficient, and, finally, the size of load from the part of the backfill array on the flexible overlap.
Results. It has been stated that the developed method of slicing under the flexible overlap is structurally simple and usable at steeply pitching ore bodies of low thickness mining in rockbump hazardous conditions.
Summary. The proposed technology can be used to mine steeply pitching ore bodies of low thickness in rockbump hazardous conditions. The use of the technology will make it possible to increase the safety of stoping and stop using expensive and scarce material – cement.

Key words: horizontal slices; descending extraction; flexible overlap; hydraulic filling; physical modeling; curvilinear prism; moisture content of a massif.

REFERENCES

1. Trubetskoi K. N., Galchenko Iu. P., Shuklin A. S. Highly effective geotechnology of integrated
development of lightly pitching and steeply pitching lode deposits. Gornyi zhurnal = Mining Journal. 2018; 2: 73–74. (In Russ.)
2. Khairutdinov M. M., Shaimiardanov I. K. Underground geotechnology with stowage to mined-out areas: disadvantages and improvement feasibilities. Gornyi informatsionno-analiticheskii biulleten (nauchno-tekhnicheskii zhurnal) = Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin (scientific and technical journal). 2009; 1: 240–250. (In Russ.)
3. Konovalov A. P., Arshavskii V. V., Khutsishvili V. I., Sorokina L. N., Anfinogenov S. V. Stowing operations at underground mines and prospects for improvement. Gornyi zhurnal = Mining Journal. 2001; 7: 3–7. (In Russ.)
4. Khomiakov V. I. Foreign experience of stowing at mines. Moscow: Nedra Publishing; 1984. (In Russ.)
5. Aksenov A. A., Gobov N. V., Kotliarov V. V. Research into geomechanic state of hygroscopic massif at systems of working with a backfilling and with a break. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2010; 2: 4–9. (In Russ.)
6. Gobov N. V., Kotliarov V. V., Osintsev V. A., Slavikovskii O. V. Search for the effective method of hygroscopic ore recovery process on Rubtsovsk complex deposit. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2009; 3: 7–15. (In Russ.)
7. Popov A. S., Shadrin M. A., Ignatiev A. P., Romanovskii P. A. The development of bauxite deposits in deep horizons of shafts of the North Urals Bauxite Mine – the example of engineering. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2004; 2: 10–22. (In Russ.)
8. Berkovich V. Kh., et al. The experience of mining steeply pitching lode deposit: overview. Moscow: TsNIItsvetmet ekonomiki i informatsii Publishing; 1991. (In Russ.)
9. Thomas E. Gemented fill practice and research at Mount Isf. Pros. Aust. Inst. Min. Met. 1971; 12: 33–51.
10. Sleptsov M. N., Azizov R. Sh., Mosivets V. N. Underground development of non-ferrous and rare metal deposits. Moscow: Nedra Publishing; 1986. (In Russ.)
11. Rasmusson D. G., Rugh G. M. Ramp=in=stop. An innovative approach to boosting productivity of mechanized cut-and-fill stoping. Engineering and Mining Journal. 1979; 8: 79–84.
12. Osintsev V. A., Berkovich V. Kh. Technology of mineral production with goaf stowing. Ekaterinburg: UrSMU Publishing; 2010. (In Russ.)
13. Baron L. I., Logutsov B. M., Pozin E. Z. Rock properties determination. Moscow: Gosgortekhizdat Publishing; 1962. (In Russ.)
14. Zenkov R. L. Mechanics of fill-up soils. Moscow: Mashinostroenie Publishing; 1964. (In Russ.)

Received 8 April 2019

• Oleg Iu. Smirnov

УДК 622.833.5 
DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-5-14-20

Smirnov O. Iu. Investigating the conditions of applying the filling method of field development in various mining and geological conditions. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2019; 5: 14–20 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028- 2019-5-14-20

Introduction. In the future the development of underground ore mining is connected to mining transition to greater depths. In this regard the problem of improving the effectiveness of mining by means of reducing the use of cement at backfilling is rather relevant.
Research aim. The results of the scientific research are presented carried out with the purpose of investigating the conditions of applying the filling method of field development in various geological conditions with the account of ore bodies morphology, natural stresses field character, and lithologic inhomogeneity of the massif. Research methodology.
Research has been done with the account of the following provisions. The filling mass has been considered, firstly, as a geological structure bearing load under the influence of rock pressure, secondly, as a process structure saving the stope from possible rock caving and filling material 20 "Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal". No. 5. 2019 ISSN 0536-1028 caving and the related stoping procedural violations and ore mass impoverishment, as well as a means of eliminating voids in the rock massive.
Results analysis. Based on the acquired results the recommendations have been worked out concerning the conditions of applying the filling method of field development in various mining and geological conditions. In the conditions of flat and steeply pitching ore bodies with the thickness up to 10 m, the filling mass mainly functions as a geomechanical structure receiving load from the weight of rocks of the underworked massif, which significantly reduces the size and the speed of the underground massif subsidence. In these conditions the requirements to the strength of the filling mass are minimal; this widens the scope of weak filling. The use of the consolidating filling is recommended only in the conditions of “rockbump hazard” category. With steeply pitching ore bodies of low and medium thickness, as well as block and tabular ore bodies of any pitching type and high thickness, the scope of weak filling is limited mainly by the development systems with ascending mining of ore bodies.
Summary. Taking into account the great variety of geological conditions of ore deposits and the great choice of various technological variants of development systems it is necessary to be guided by the following. In the conditions of “rockbump safe” category and steep pitching of ore deposits it is necessary to give preference to the development systems with caving; and in the conditions of “rockbump hazard” category and the room and pillar mining, in order to increase the stability of temporary pillars and longterm maintenance of the undermined massif in the hard mode of loading, the mined-out space is recommended to be filled with the hydraulic filling.

Key words: development system; ore bodies morphology; field of stresses; rock pressure; filling mass; weak filling; rockbump

REFERENCES

1. Bronnikov D. M., Zamesov N. F., Bogdanov G. I. Ore mining at great depths. Moscow: Nedra
Publishing; 1982. (In Russ.)
2. Trebukov A. P. The use of the consolidating filling at underground ore mining. Moscow: Nedra
Publishing; 1981. (In Russ.)
3. Cowling R., Auld G. J., Meek J. L. Experience with cemented fill stability at Mount Isa mines.
In: Mining with backfill: transl. from English. Moscow: Mir Publishing; 1987. p. 284–303.
4. Krinitsyn R. V., Khudyakov S. V. Designing support for norrow rib pilars with subvertical fractures.
Eurasian mining. 2017; 2: 16–19.
5. Palii V. D., Smelianskii E. S., Kravchenko V. T. The determination of the standard strength of the
consolidating filling. Gornyi zhurnal = Mining Journal. 1983; 3: 25–28. (In Russ.)
6. Kotenko E. A., Portsevskii A. K. Controlling the stability of a rock mass with the filling of various types.
Tsvetnaia metallurgiia = Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals. 1992; 1: 7–9. (In Russ.)
7. Neidorf L. B. Rockfill system at Mount Isa Mine. In: Mining with backfill: transl. from English. Moscow:
Mir Publishing; 1987. (In Russ.)
8. Walker S. New Brunswick hoste the words largest rink mine. International Mining. 1988; October: 37–41.
9. Robertson B. E. Mechanized narrow vein mining at the Dome Mine, Timmins, Ontario. CIM Bulletin.
1986; 79 (885): 39–44.
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(In Russ.)
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with backfill: transl. from English. Moscow: Mir Publishing; 1987. p. 474–485. (In Russ.)
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nedropolzovanie = Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2017; 5: 41–44. (In Russ.)
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nedropolzovanie = Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2014; 5: 22–29. (In Russ.)

Received 1 March 2019

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