Belin V. A. – Mining Institute, NUST MISIS, Moscow, the Russian Federation. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Valiev N. G. – The Ural State Mining University, Ekaterinburg, the Russian Federation. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Vernigor V. V. – Mining Institute, NUST MISIS, Moscow, the Russian Federation. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Zham'ian Zh. – “Monmag” Mongolian and Russian Joint Venture Company, Krasnoyarsk, the Russian Federation.
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Within the real conditions of blasting operations the content of explosion products is diverse and differs significantly from
the ideal conditions. Detonation products are chemically more active than aerial oxygen, and they can work with the rock,
coal in particular, which is in active condition. At that, coal combustion possibility rises. The presence of the products of
partial oxidation of combustible additives and trinitrotoluene, which also possess higher chemical activity, also leads to the
similar result. Investigation and observation results in various periods of coal deposits development in Mongolia show that
fires more frequently develop in blocks of coal bench in the rock mass, which has been mined with drilling and blasting
operations. Under rock loosening with a blast, the time of incubation period of coal masses to combustion is shorter as
compared to mining without using drilling and blasting operations. The transfer to the use of granulated coarsely dispersed
explosives at the opencast coal mines of Mongolia has led to the development of unbalanced according to the oxygen
balance system and the emission of a great deal of nitrogen oxides at the time of the explosion. The wide use of mixtures
of ANFO type in the period of 2005 to 2015 has led to massive cases of spontaneous coal combustion and technogenic
fires, which therefore has led to a higher risk of coal deposits exploitation. Investigations fulfilled by the authors allowed
creating for Mongolia conditions special technology of producing and using ammonium nitrate explosives, which possess
balanced composition and evolve minimum quantity of poisonous products during the explosion, which cause accelerated
spontaneous coal combustion. The use of the developed technology of ANFO mixtures production almost eliminates
spontaneous coal combustion after the explosion.

Key words: coal; ammonium nitrate; explosives; combustion; endogenous fire; detonation.

REFERENCES
1. Dubnov L. V., Bakharevich N. S., Romanov A. I. Promyshlennye vzryvchatye veshchestva. [Industrial explosives].
Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1988. 358 p.
2. Atsumi Miyake, Keiya Takahara, Terushige Ogawa. Influence of physical properties of ammonium nitrate on the
detonation behaviour of anfo. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industrie, 2001, vol. 14(6), pp. 533–538.
3. Svetlov B. Ia., Eremenko N. E. Teoriia i svoistva promyshlennykh vzryvchatykh veshchestv [Theory and properties of
industrial explosives]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1973. 208 p.
10 «Известия вузов. Горный журнал», № 2, 2017 ISSN 0536-1028
4. Bostanzhoglo K. F., Rossi B. D. Ammiachno-selitrennye vzryvchatye veshchestva [Ammonium nitrate explosives].
Moscow, Oborongiz Publ., 1940. 136 p.
5. Zham'ian Zh. [Experience and peculiarities of ammonium nitrate explosives use in Mongolia]. Vzryvnoe delo: sb.
trudov [Collective works “Blasting work”]. Moscow, MSMU Publ., 1999, pp. 255–259. (In Russ.)
6. Starshinov A. V., Ovian A. I., Fadeev V. Iu. [Some basic foundations and technical peculiarities of the use of
ammonium nitrate in mixed explosives]. Vzryvnoe delo: sb. trudov [Collective works “Blasting work”]. Moscow,
MSMU Publ, 1998, pp. 147–154. (In Russ.)
7. Geologiia Mongol'skoi narodnoi Respubliki. V 3 t. Pod red. N. A. Marinova [Geology of the Mongolia People’s
Republic. In 3 vol. Edited by N. A. Marinov]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1973.
8. Starshinov A. V., Zham'ian Zh., Fadeev V. Iu. [Peculiarities of the raw material base for the on-site manufacture of
explosives in CIS and Mongolia]. Gornoe delo v Kazakhstane: sb. trudov Pervoi mezhd. nauch.-prakt. konf. [Proc.
of the 1st Int. Sci.-to Pract. Сonf. “Mining in Kazakhstan”]. Alma-Ata, RIO VAK RK Publ., 2000, pp. 234–236.
(In Russ.)
9. Zham'ian Zh., Kutuzov B. N., Starshinov A. V. [Experience of producing and using explosives at the open pits of
Mongolia]. Gornyi zhurnal – Mining Journal, 2000, no. 8, pp. 31–34. (In Russ.)
10. Finger M., Helm F., Lee E. and others. Characterization of commercial, composite explosives. Proc. 11th Symp.
(Int.) on Detonation, USA, 1976. рр. 1–11.
11. Dodukh V. G., Starshinov A. V., Chernilovskii A. M. [The influence of the type and properties of ammonium nitrate
on explosive characteristics of loose and mixed explosives]. Problemy vzryvnogo dela: sb. trudov [Collective works
“The problems of blasting work”]. Moscow, Izd-vo MSMU Publ., 2002, pp. 132–139. (In Russ.)
12. Gidaspov B. V., Zham'ian Zh., Starshinov A. V. and others. [The influence of the type and properties of ammonium
nitrate on explosive characteristics of loose and mixed explosives]. Informatsionnyi biulleten' NOIV – The News Bulletin
of the National Organization of Explosives Engineers, 2002, no. 3, pp. 35–37. (In Russ.)

Kochetkov V. P., Kurochkin N. S. – Khakassia Technical Institute, Branch of Siberian Federal University, Abakan,
the Russian Federation. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The article examines the automated asynchronical electric drive of mining equipment by the example of an excavating
machine EKG-8I, the working cycle of which is connected to hard exploitation conditions: high dust concentration,
intermittent operation, bumps, vibrations, high turn-on frequency varying within wide limits by load at engine shaft;
this has a negative impact both on the quality and quantity of rock production output, and the condition of mining machines
116 «Известия вузов. Горный журнал», № 1, 2017 ISSN 0536-1028
at large. The article examines electric drive of rotating gear with alternating optimal control system, which represents
internal contour of rotor flux linkage, calculated with the method of “engineering optimum” and analytically designed
optimal regulator of external coordinates over the current of stator and engine speed, situated in direct channel of control
system. In order to examine electric drive imitation model is created with MATLAB program Simulink package. Coefficient
change under feedback over the engine current and the speed of the first mass influences transient time and excavating
machine automated electric drive rotation elastic moment. The influence of weighting coefficients of optimality criterion on
the dynamics of electric drive in starting mode is examined; the algorithm of weighting coefficients selection is suggested.
The results of the examination have revealed the advantage of optimal integrated systems of controlling excavating
machine rotation asynchronical electric drive and the possibility of its application with the preservation of all the advantages
of asynchronical electric drive.

Key words: mining equipment; automated electric drive; integrated optimal control system; analytically designed optimal
regulator.

REFERENCES
1. Kochetkov V. P. Osnovy teorii upravleniia [The fundamentals of control theory]. Rostov-on-Don, Feniks Publ.,
2012. 411 p.
2. Kliuchev V. I. Ogranichenie dinamicheskikh nagruzok elektroprivoda [Restricting dynamic loads of electric drive].
Moscow, Energiia Publ., 1973. 320 p.
3. German-Galkin S. G. Matlab & Simulink. Proektirovanie mekhatronnykh sistem na PK [Matlab & Simulink.
Designing mechatronic systems on PC]. St. Petersburg, KORONA-Vek Publ., 2008. 368 p.
4. Kochetkov V. P., Tsuglenok N. V., Kurochkin N. S. [Asynchronical drive dynamics investigation]. Vestnik
KrasGAU – The Bulletin of KrasSAU, 2013, no. 7, pp. 248–255. (In Russ.)
5. Kochetkov V. P., Kurochkin N. S., Volkova I. S., Vladimirova L. V. Issledovanie mnogomassovoi elektromekhanicheskoi
sistemy elektroprivoda ekskavatora: mater. mezhd. molodezhn. nauch.-prakt. konf. [Proc. Int. Youth Sci.-to-Pract. Conf.
“The investigation of multimass electromechanical system of excavating machine electric drive”] Minsk, 2015,
pp. 75–79.
6. Kvakernaak Kh., Sivan R. Lineinye optimal'nye sistemy upravleniia [Linear optimal control systems]. Moscow,
Mir Publ., 1977. 650 p.
7. Kochetkov V. P., Kurochkin N. S. [The dynamics of automated electric drive with integrated optimal control system].
Vestnik SibGAU – Vestnik SibGAU, 2016, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 393–402. (In Russ.)
8. Kochetkov V. P., Kochetkov M. V., Kurochkin N. S., Kravchenko I. E. Ustroistvo upravleniia elektroprivodom
ekskavatora [Excavating machine electric drive control unit]. Patent RF, no. 155344, 2015.

Alikulov Sh. Sh. – Navoiy State Mining Institute, Navoiy, Republic of Uzbekistan. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Integral effect of physical-chemical methods on the intensity of leaching process has been investigated – electrical effect
on the leached body and working solutions entering to it. Influence with alternating electrical current is focused on
desorption of incoherently bound water from the surface of capillars and clay admixture strengthening in sandy-clay ores
in order to prevent it from heaving and redeposition in the shape of colmataging precipitations. The effects from electric
influence contribute to the rise of rock permeability in in-filter zone and increase in average capacity of wells in 25–75%.
The essence of physical effect of sandy-clay rocks permeability increase when passing alternating electrical current
resides in separation of clay fraction of bound water rock, therefore efficient pores cross-section increases. In addition,
as compared to continuous current, alternating current influences water which is immobilized by gels, which colmatage
pore space. Rock clay fracture also forms thixotropic (gel-like) structure under contact with sulphuric acid because of
crystal cement clay dilution and softening.

Key words: uranium leaching; influence with alternating electrical current; filtration coefficient; diffusion rate; uranium
content; ore deposits primary mining; product solution; working solution.

REFERENCES
1. Koshkolda K. N., Pimenov M. K., Atakulov T. Puti intensifikatsii podzemnogo vyshchelachivaniia. Pod obshch. red.
N. I. Chesnokova [The ways of subsoil leaching intensification. Edited by N. I. Chesnokov]. Moscow, Energoatomizdat
Publ., 1983. 224 p.
2. Arsh E. Primenenie tokov vysokoi plotnosti v gornom dele [High density currents use in mining]. Moscow, Nedra
Publ., 1967. 312 p.

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