Taranenko N. A. – the Ural State Mining University, Ekaterinburg, the Russian Federation. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The article examines legislative and regulatory framework and measures of administrative legal regulation of social
relations in the sphere of subsoil use and protection, the institute of administrative responsibility of enterprises-subsoil
users and their managers for the violation of special federal and regional subsoil laws. Legal entities are considered as
collective parties of administrative law, which is an innovation in administrative law of modern Russia. On the basis of this,
some peculiarities of prosecution and measures of punishment for enterprises – legal entities are revealed. To the
peculiarities in question refer: administrative fine, administrative violation instrument or subject confiscation, as well as
administrative business interruption for up to 90 days, which results from the nature of the given liable party. Application
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of punishment to managers of enterprises is discussed as to company officials. It has been affirmed that not all
the managers are officials. The analysis of elements of offences is given, and records of administrative offences of mining
law in the Ural Federal District, which have been reviewed by Federal Service for Supervision of Natural Resource Usage.

Key words: administrative responsibility; subsoil law; mining legal relations; regulatory legal acts in the sphere of subsoil
use; administrative business interruption; legislative innovation; mineral production.

REFERENCES
1. Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offences of 30th December, 2001, no. 195-FZ. Access from
“ConsultantPlus” legal reference system. (In Russ.)
2. Law of the Russian Federation “About the subsoil” of 21st February, 1992, no. 2395-1. Access from “ConsultantPlus”
legal reference system. (In Russ.)
3. Regulation on the state oversight of the geological study efficient use and protection of subsoil, approved by the
Regulation of the Government of the Russian Federation of 12th May, 2005, no. 293. Access from “ConsultantPlus”
legal reference system. (In Russ.)
4. Law of Sverdlovsk region “About administrative offences at the territory of Sverdlovsk region” of 14th June, 2005,
no. 52-ОZ. Access from “ConsultantPlus” legal reference system. (In Russ.)

Liubavina V. A. – Kayerkan Coal Open Pit Mine MMC Norilsk Nickel JSC Polar Branch, Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk region,
the Russian Federation. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Contour blasting with the method of “protective layer” at subroof zone breaking with horizontal blastholes allows shaping
a buffer layer in the process of blasting with 0.8–0.9 m thickness, which undertake load from contour-hole charges and
explodes with maximum possible delay against the latter. Near contact-split zone is necessary to keep rock roof from
contour charges blasting. It is stated that with decrease or increase of normal release charge mass the indicator of
explosion effect decreases and increases correspondingly, i. e. the value of calculated specific consumption of explosives
depends on the indicator of explosion effect. It is covered by the introduction of the function of the indicator of explosion
30 «Известия вузов. Горный журнал», № 1, 2017 ISSN 0536-1028
effect in calculation formula. In the course of the investigation around 360 m of upper layer were broken (in roof – by
stepped face) with the use of the given method. Positive results of experimental and industrial testing have allowed
recommending the given method to use at all open pit mines of mining metallurgical company Norilsk Nickel.
Key words: contour blasting; buffer layer; near contact-split zone; blasting cone; the function of explosion effect indicator;
relieving charge; “protective layer”.

REFERENCES
1. Berkovich V. M., Liubavina V. A., Zberovskii S. G., Vil'chinskii V. B. [The examination of efficient use of blasting
breaking of subroof ore layer with the method of “protective layer”]. Mater. ІІІ Mezhdunar. nauch.-tekhn. konf.
“Innovatsionnye geotekhnologii pri razrabotke rudnykh i nerudnykh mestorozhdenii” [Proc. 3rd Int. Sci.-to-Pract.
Conf. “Innovative geotechnologies when mining ore and non-metallic fields”]. Ekaterinburg, 2014. pp. 72–75.
(In Russ.)
2. Khanukaev A. N. Fizicheskie protsessy pri otboike gornykh porod vzryvom [Physical processes under blast rock
breaking]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1974. 223 p.
3. Kutuzov B. N. Vzryvnye raboty [Blasting operations]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1974. 368 p.
4. Avdeev F. A., Baron V. L., Bleiman I. L. Proizvodstvo massovykh vzryvov [Mass explosions production]. Moscow,
Nedra Publ., 1977. 312 p.

Kubarev M. S. – The Ural State Economical University, Ekaterinburg, the Russian Federation.
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Strovskii V. E., Peregon I. V. – The Ural State Mining University, Ekaterinburg, the Russian Federation.
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

The article examines methodological tools of the estimation of ecological-economic efficiency of wastes application from
the subsoil user point of view, who replaces fresh raw material by the secondary raw material; and from the society point
of view. Recommendations over the estimation of commercial effect are given as well as some suggestions on generation
of the effect conditioned by the economy of ecological expense: pay for environmental pollution and waste dumping,
resource tax, etc. When determining social-economic effect, the appeal to the newly developed reserves is provided,
which are more frequently situated in little-developed northern areas with poor infrastructure, and with poor and
morphologically complex ores, which is confirmed by financing structure of geological exploration and results of geological
study of subsurface. Because of the increase in the content and remoteness the consumption of raw material increases
for 1 t of commercial element, and, correspondingly, expenditure connected to minerals recovery at primary resources
field development and transportation to the consumer increases. The presence of information about outbursts, faults, and
waste dumping allows estimating economic damage, conditioned by pollution of environment during resources
exploitation. The use of methodological recommendations permits taking reasonable decisions over wastes application
on the basis of ecological-economic efficiency estimation.

Key words: wastes; fresh raw material; commercial effect; ecological-economic efficiency.

REFERENCES
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protection in Russia]. Moscow, Finansy i statistika Publ., 2001. 672 p.
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prirody i obshchestva [Ecological problems of subsoil exploitation under the stable development of nature and society].
Moscow, Nauchtekhlitizdat Publ., 2003. 262 p.
3. Chaplygin N. I., Galchenko Iu. P., Papichev V. I. and others. Ekologicheskie problemy geotekhnologii: novye idei,
metody i resheniia [Ecological problems of geotechnology: new ideas, methods and solutions]. Moscow,
Nauchtekhlitizdat Publ., 2009. 320 p.
4. Benevol'skii B. I., Krivtsov A. I., Romanchuk A. I., Mikhailov B. K. [The two aspects of mining wastes utilization
problem]. Mineral'nye resursy Rossii – Mineral Resources in Russia, 2011, no. 1, pp. 37–42. (In Russ.)
5. Bykhovskii L. Z., Sporykhina A. V. [Technogenic wastes as a backup for mineral resources base refilling; state and
problems of exploitation]. Mineral'nye resursy Rossii – Mineral Resources in Russia, 2011, no. 4, pp. 15–20. (In Russ.)
6. Murzekhanov B. K., Murzekhanova Z. G. [Resource potential of technogenic formations of mined gold placers].
Gornyi zhurnal – Mining Journal, 2015, no. 1, pp. 37–42. (In Russ.)
7. Makarov A. B. Tekhnogenno-mineral'nye mestorozhdeniia Urala: avtoref. dis. ... d-ra geol.-miner. nauk [Technogenicmineral
deposits of the Urals. Dr. geol.-miner. sci. abstract of diss.]. Ekaterinburg, UrSMU Publ., 2007. 41 p.
8. Bezhanov S. K. [Reforming model for the sphere of investment maintenance of mineral raw material base
regeneration]. Mineral'nye resursy Rossii – Mineral Resources in Russia, 2005, no. 5, pp. 39–42. (In Russ.)
9. Mikhailov B. K. [Mineral raw material base of solids; possibilities estimation]. Mineral'nye resursy Rossii – Mineral
Resources in Russia, 2015, no. 5, pp. 40–42. (In Russ.)
10. Aksenov S. A., Nekrasov A. I. [Results of geological survey for solids for 2005–2012]. Mineral'nye resursy Rossii –
Mineral Resources in Russia, 2013, no. 4, pp. 3–21. (In Russ.)
11. Aksenov S. A., Nekrasov A. I. [Results of geological survey for solids for 2013 and working directions in 2014].
Mineral'nye resursy Rossii – Mineral Resources in Russia, 2014, no. 2, pp. 21–34. (In Russ.)
12. Aksenov S. A., Nekrasov A. I. [Results of geological survey for solids for 2014 and plan for 2015]. Mineral'nye
resursy Rossii – Mineral Resources in Russia, 2015, no. 3, pp. 17–30. (In Russ.)
13. Trutnev Iu. P. [Regarding the long-term program of subsoil survey and mineral raw material regeneration (2005–
2010 and up to 2020)]. Mineral'nye resursy Rossii – Mineral Resources in Russia, 2004, no. 5–6, pp. 3–14. (In Russ.)
14. Ignat'eva M. N., Loginov V. G., Litvinova A. A., Morozova L. M., Ektova S. N. [Economic estimation of damage
caused to arctic ecosystems under the exploitation of oil-gas resources]. Ekonomika regiona – Region’s Economy, 2014,
no. 1(37), pp. 102–111. (In Russ.)
15. Loginov V. G., Balashenko V. V. Prirodno-resursnyi i rekreatsionnyi potentsial Ural'skogo Severa: otsenka i
perspektivy osvoeniia [Natural-resource and recreation potential of the Ural North: estimation and further development].
Ekaterinburg, IE UB RAS Publ., 2013. 232 p.
16. Vyvarets A. D. Effektivnost' ispol'zovaniia otkhodov v usloviiakh intensifikatsii proizvodstva [Wastes use efficiency
in conditions of industrial intensification]. Sverdlovsk, UrGU Publ., 1987. 192 p.
17. Kaplunov D. R., Iukov V. A. [Regarding the estimation of technogenic formations efficiency]. Marksheiderskii
vestnik – Mine serveys’ news, 2008, no. 5, pp. 8–12. (In Russ.)
18. Popov S. M. Metodologiia ekologo-ekonomicheskogo obosnovaniia ispol'zovaniia uglepromyshlennykh otkhodov:
avtoref. dis. ... d-ra ekon. nauk [Methodology of ecological-economic substantiation of coal industrial wastes use.
Dr. econ. sci. abstract of diss.]. Moscow, MSMU Publ., 2008. 40 p.
19. Semiachkov A. I., Balashenko V. V., Kosolapov O. V. Ekologo-ekonomicheskaia otsenka tekhnogenno-mineral'nykh
obrazovanii [Ecological-economic estimation of technogenic mineral formations]. Ekaterinburg, IE UB RAS Publ.,
2009. 196 p.
20. Valiev V. N., Kosolapov O. V. [Estimation of ecological-economic efficiency of mining enterprises wastes use].
Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal – News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal, 2013, no. 8,
pp. 42–45. (In Russ.)

Lutsenko S. A. – Kryvyi Rih National University, Kryvyi Rih, the Ukraine. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Economic stripping ratio is the basic criterion of opencast mining efficiency under the determination of open pit outlines.
The purpose of investigation is development of methods with the account of iron-ore production competitive ability
conditions in the global market. At the heart of economic stripping ratio determination is the condition, that the price for
commercial output of the designed enterprise must not exceed prices for same commercial output in the global market.
The said condition realization is achieved analytically. At that the influence of profit rate at the final depth of the designed
open pit is taken into account. The worked out method of economic stripping ratio determination helped determining the
values of maximum allowable stripping ratios for Poltavsky GOK open pit, which provide competitive ability of iron-ore
commercial output in the global market at various values of profit rate.
Key words: open pit outline; economic stripping ratio; iron-ore concentrate; competitive ability of production.

REFERENCES
1. Goberman M. I. [Ultimate depth of open pit mining determination]. Inzhenernyi rabotnik – Engineer, 1927, no. 4,
pp. 24–28. (In Russ.)
2. Rzhevskii V. V. Otkrytye gornye raboty [Opencast mining]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1985. 549 p.
3. Arsent'ev A. I., Kholodniakov G. A. Proektirovanie gornykh rabot pri otkrytoi razrabotke mestorozhdenii [Mining
design at opencast field exploitation]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1994. 336 p.
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4. Iumatov B. P. [The influence of board and minimum industrial content on the depth and capacity of open pits].
Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal – News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal, 1962, no. 2,
pp. 45–53. (In Russ.)
5. Khokhriakov V. S. Proektirovanie kar'erov [Open pit design]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1980. 336 p.
6. Arsent'ev A. I., Polishchuk A. K. Razvitie metodov opredeleniia granits kar'erov [Open pit outline determination
methods development]. Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1967. 95 p.
7. Blizniukov V. G. Opredelenie glavnykh parametrov kar'era s uchetom kachestva rudy [Determination of the main
parameters of an open pit with the account of ore quality]. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1978. 151 p.
8. Blizniukov V. G., Baranov I. V. [Calculation principles and methods of perspective outlines of working iron-ore open
pits determination]. Vіsnik KTU – Bulletin of KTU, 2007, issue 18, pp. 7–11. (In Russ.)
9. Anistratov Iu. I., Anistratov K. Iu. Proektirovanie kar'erov: ucheb. posobie dlia vuzov [School book for institutes
of higher education “Open pit design”]. Moscow, Gemos Limited Publ., 2002. 172 p.