• Aleksei V. Borisov
• Vladislav B. Vinogradov

УДК 550.837

DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-8-58-67

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Borisov A. V., Vinogradov V. B. Electrodynamic model of a storage pond dam. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2019; 8: 58–67. DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-8-58-67

Abstract

Introduction. Geophysical exploration at a brine storage pond dam of Mirny Mining and Processing Division (MPD) were carried out in order to provide safe operation. A new approach to electrical logging data interpretation is based on past records generalization.
Research aim is to create a forecast electrodynamic model of a storage pond dam.
Research methods included thermometry (measurements in the network of thermometric wells), piezometry (water level measurements in observation wells), land surveying (dam surface releveling), electrical resistivity tomography (aerial electrical exploration at a dam), and visual observations at a dam.
Results and analysis. The regularities in electrical resistivity (ER) variation were determined at diff erent depths in the three parts of a dam which were distinguished by the technogenic impact. Quantitative assessment of ER variations in diff erent part of a dam was given depending on the thawing process time and the temperature of the environment. Calculation results and their interpretation were analyzed with the account of geological structure features of a hydraulic engineering structure.
Summary. The principles of forming a forecast electrodynamic model were created. A model for one storage pond dam was built as an example. The development of a generalized model for hydraulic  engineering structures is possible if data from several sources is stored.

Key words: storage pond dam; electrical resistivity tomography; thermometry; forecast; electrodynamic model.
Acknowledgements. The authors thank A. V. Zyrianova, A. V. Morov, and A. V. Kuzin for materials, help, and friendly remarks.

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Received 22 July 2019

• Aleksandr N. Guliaev
• Anastasiia Iu. Osipova

УДК 550.23

DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-8-68-80

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Guliaev A. N., Osipova A. Iu. Zones of possible sensible earthquake foci in the Urals. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2019; 8: 68–80 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-8-68-80

Abstract

Introduction. Modern Ural mountains represent contemporary epiplatform Epi-Paleozoic orogeny which presumably originated within the last 30 million years in the western part of a more ancient pre-Paleozoic-Paleozoic folded zone, the central part of which is ancient (Riphean-Vendian) Central-Ural High. In Mesozoic-Cenozoic Period, the activity of tectonic and volcano-magmatic processes in the subsoil of the Urals has fallen, and the Urals entered the period of platform development, which is characterized by slowcontinent-forming movements of the earth’s crust. Within over the last 30 million years in the epoch of Alpine tectogenesis, there has been the renewal of the Ural mountain belt. This process continues at the modern period and is accompanied by rare sensible earthquakes with the magnitude from 3–4 to 5–6 on
MSK-64 scale; they are not hazardous for engineering structures and people.
Research aim is to estimate the connection between seismin activity of the Urals and heterochronous geological-tectonic structures, and draw a scheme of possible sensible earthquake foci (zones of PSE).
Research methodology included the estimation of spatial epicenters of sensible earthquakes in the central part of the Urals relative to Paleozoic and pre-Paleozoic geological-tectonic structures.
Research results made it possible to state that epicenters of sensible earthquakes in the central part of the Urals are concentrated within the limits of the Middle Urals and the adjoining parts of the North and South Urals and are localized mainly in submeridional zones, from the west and from the east embracing the region of pre-Paleozoic Central-Ural High formed by metamorphic rock. The mentioned zones may be considered as the zones of PSE, and the region of the Middle Urals and the adjoining parts of the North and South Urals – as a region of possible earthquakes foci with a magnitude up to 5–6 on MSK-64 scale.

Key words: contemporary epiplatform Epi-Paleozoic orogeny; epoch of Alpine tectogenesis; Central-Ural High; zones of possible sensible earthquake foci (PSE).

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Received 6 September 2019

• Mikhail M. Karablin
• Sergei M. Prostov
• Iurii V. Lesin

УДК 622.271.333

DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-8-47-57

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Karablin M. M., Prostov S. M., Lesin Iu. V. Landslides at the slopes of Angren opencast coal mine. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2019; 8: 47–57 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-8-47-57

Abstract

Introduction. Opencast mining is complicated by a number of negative events. The problem of slopes instability plays a special part. In the conditions of modern economy, when the growth of mineral production is inevitable, human protection and work cycle permanence are the criteria of mining enterprises productivity. The actions aimed at protecting against landslides being developed and landslides that took place when carrying out opencast mining operations at the f elds of Kuzbass, Transbaikal, Republic of Kazakhstan, Republic of Uzbekistan, the USA, and Poland prove that it is crucial to f nd the solution to this problem. At the same time, particular features of the mentioned f elds are complex engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions. One such f eld is Angren brown coal f eld.
Research aim is to determine engineering-geological and hydrogeological factors infuencing the development of landslides.
Methodology. Engineering-geological conditions of Angren brown coal feld have been analyzed, together with the results of surveying instrumental and hydrogeological observations.Results. Geological structure of Angren brown coal feld area includes the rocks of the Paliozoic foundation and the Mezo-Cenozoic deposits. Hydrogeological conditions of the feld include four diferent water-bearing strata and complexes, which infuence the development of landslides: quaternary, Neogene, the Cretaceous-Palaeogene, and Jurassic deposits. Drainage pattern of a feld is represented by ravines with
permanent or temporary watercourse (“sai” in the Kazakh language) and the watercourse itself: Saiak-sai, Badamzar-sai, and Boksuk-sai. The expansion of engineering activities connected with feld development, resulted in some negative efects which infuence the stability of slopes: discharge of subsurface waters on the surface of slopes, reduction of strength characteristics in the zones of disjunctive faults, shale hydration, development of fracture zones in weathering crust rock, and variation of stress. The most hazardous landslide is Tsentralny. As of 2017–2018, the area of the landslide cirque reached 1.06 km2, volume – 120 million m3. By the results of surveying instrumental observations, the following
displacement periods have been determined: most intensive – from January to May 2018, least intensive – from May to December 2018. The analysis of drainage water delivery in 2017–2018 shows that maximum increase in the level of ground waters is in spring (March – May).
Conclusions. Together with deviations from design parameters of slopes (slope angle increases, strata contacts trim, etc.), one main reason of landslides is unfavorable combination of engineering-geological and hydrogeological factors: high water permeability of enclosing rock represented by loam, pebble, and gravelite, and rush of ground water from surface sources, precipitation, and overfow along the fractures reservoir rock.

Key words: landslide; stability of slopes and benches; engineering-geological conditions; hydrogeological conditions; surveying; ground water level.

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Received 6 May 2019